- Muslims believe in Islam, or submission to God (Allah).
- Islam teaches that God is One, without any partners or associates.
- He begets not nor was He begotten.
- Allah is the Creator and He alone caused all things to exist when there was nothing.
- He is the sole Lord of the universe and its inhabitants without any challenge to His sovereignty.
- He sustains and maintains creation without any need from it or for it.
- Nothing happens in creation except what He allows to happen.
- Allah is not given the (imperfect) attributes of His creation.
- Man is not given the attributes of Allah.
- All forms of worship must be directed only to Allah because He alone deserves worship, and it is He alone who can grant benefit to man as a result of His worship.
- There is no need for any form of intercessor or intermediary between man and God.
- This theology is the belief and message of all of Allah’s Messengers; Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Mohammed, may peace be upon them all.
“Do not worship besides Allah that which can not help or harm you.” (2:66) “Those on whom you call besides Allah are only slaves like yourselves.”(7:194) “Put your trust in Allah if you are truly believers.” (5:23) There are six main articles of faith that Muslims believe in: - Faith in the Unity of God
- Faith in Allah’s angels
- Faith in Allah’s prophets
- Faith in Allah’s revealed books
- Faith in life after death
- Faith in pre-destination or divine decree
Faith in the Unity of God Muslims believe in the absolute unity of God (Allah). The essence of Islam is expressed in the phrase "La ilaha illa Allah," meaning "There is no deity but Allah." "And your God is One God; there is no god but He, Most Gracious, Most Merciful" (Qur'an 2:163). This statement of faith distinguishes a Muslim from an unbeliever, a polytheist, or an atheist. A Muslim is one who grasps the full meaning of this phrase, realizes its significance, and accepts and follows it in letter and spirit. Belief in the Unity of God means that there is no being worthy of worship except Him, that it is only to Him that heads should bow in submission and adoration, that He alone possesses all powers, that all are in need of His favor, and that all must seek His help and mercy. This belief is the bedrock of Islam; all other beliefs, commands, and laws of Islam stand firm on this foundation. Faith in Allah's Angels Angels are also Allah's creatures, spiritual beings created from light that are under His command. They administer Allah's kingdom, carrying out His orders obediently. They have no free-will or ability to disobey; it is their very nature to be Allah's faithful servants. These angels surround us, each having specific duties, such as their duties include recording man's deeds in this life, which will be presented on the Day of Judgment. Faith in Allah's Prophets Allah is transcendent and beyond all physical limitations of man, so through the medium of an angel, Allah causes His command to be revealed to His human messengers and thus to mankind. The purpose of our life on this earth is to worship Allah and obey His commands. Through His Grace and Benevolence, Allah sent prophets and messengers to every nation, in order to communicate with and guide mankind to the right path. The prophets who were sent to mankind include (among others) Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Ishmael, Moses, David, John the Baptist, Jesus, and finally, Mohammed (peace be upon all of Allah's prophets). These (and many other) chosen men all came with the same message: Islam. That is, they taught faith in One Almighty God, faith in the Day of Judgment, faith in the Prophets and the Books, and asked people consequently to live a life of obedience and submission to their Lord. This is the definition of a Muslim. "Abraham was not a Jew nor yet a Christian; but he was upright, and bowed his will to Allah's (which is Islam). And he joined not gods with Allah" (Qur'an 3:67). Some of these prophets brought revealed books. They were all men guided by Allah to teach mankind and guide them to the straight path. Muslims believe in them all and make no distinction between them. "Say: 'We believe in Allah, and in what has been revealed to us and what was revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and in the Books given to Moses, Jesus, and the Prophets, from their Lord; we make no distinction between one and another among them, and to Allah do we bow our will in Islam" (Qur'an 3:84). Muslims believe that the final prophet, Mohammed, came to invite people back to the true teachings of the previous prophets, and to bring to mankind a final and all-encompassing guidance: the Qur'an. The Qur'an remains in its complete and unadulterated form; there is therefore no need for any more prophets to come. Allah's message is complete. Faith in Allah's Revealed Books Muslims believe in books that Allah has sent down to mankind through His prophets. These books include the Books of Abraham, the Torah of Moses, the Psalms of David, and the Gospel of Jesus Christ. These books all had the same source (Allah), the same message, and all were revealed in truth. This does not mean that they have been preserved in truth. Muslims (and many other Jewish and Christian scholars and historians) find that the books in existence today are not the original scriptures, which in fact have been lost, changed, and/or translated over and over again, losing the original message. "They change the words from their right places and forget a good part of the Message that was sent them..." (Qur'an 5:13). Reading these books today, we have no way of knowing what portion was revealed by Allah, and what was recorded and changed by man. Muslims believe that Allah sent a final revelation, the Qur'an, through the final Prophet of Allah, Mohammed (peace be upon him and all of Allah's messengers). "None of Our revelations do We abrogate or cause to be forgotten, but We substitute something better or similar..." (Qur'an 2:106). The sending of this divine Book is not a new and strange event; but only to confirm, restate, and complete those divine instructions which people had mutilated or lost in antiquity. "And We have sent down to you (O Mohammed) the book (this Qur’an) in truth, confirming the Scripture that came before it, and guarding it in safety..." (Qur'an 5:48). The Qur'an is addressed to all of humanity. It seeks to guide mankind in all walks of life; spiritual, temporal, individual and collective. It contains directions for the conduct of life, relates stories and parables, describes the attributes of Allah, and speaks of the best rules to govern social life. It has directions for everybody, every place, and for all time. The Qur'an was revealed and preserved in the Arabic language. While translations into other languages may differ in word choice, the original Arabic script has been uncorrupted and unchanged since its revelation in the 7th century. Belief in Life After Death Muslims believe that this world will come to an end on a day Allah has appointed. "Every soul shall have a taste of death; and only on the Day of Judgment shall you be paid your full recompense..." (Qur'an 3:185). Everything will be annihilated, and all of the human beings who had lived in this world will then be restored to life and will be presented before Allah. The entire record of every man and woman - of all their deeds and misdeeds - will be presented before Allah for final judgment. "We shall set up scales of justice for the Day of Judgment, so that not a soul will be dealt with unjustly in the least..." (Qur'an 21:47). One who excels in goodness will, by the Mercy of Allah, receive a goodly reward; one whose wrongs overweigh his good deeds will be punished. It is neither fair nor just to treat everyone equally. "Is he who is a believer like unto him who is a disbeliever and disobedient (to Allah)? They are not alike." (Qur'an 32:18). Allah on that day will judge with Justice, and every soul will receive what it has earned. While unsure of their fate in the Hereafter, Muslims are confident of the Mercy and Justice of Allah. "Say: 'Oh My servants who have transgressed against their own souls! Despair not of the Mercy of Allah, for Allah forgives all sins, for He is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.'" (Qur'an 39:53). Those who emerge successfully from Judgment will go to eternal Paradise; those who are condemned and deserve punishment will be sent to Hell. Allah is the perfect and fair Judge. Belief in Divine Decree Muslims believe that Allah has full power and knowledge of all things, and that nothing happens except by His will and with His full knowledge. What is known as divine decree, fate, or "destiny" is known in Arabic as al-Qadr. Everything in the world has a predetermined, set course. The destiny of every creature is already known to Allah. This belief does not contradict with the idea of man's free will to choose his course of action. Allah does not force us to do anything; we can choose whether to obey or disobey Him. Our choice is known to Allah before we even do it. We do not know what our destiny is; but Allah knows the fate of all things. Therefore, we should have firm faith that whatever befalls us, it is according to Allah's will and with His full knowledge. There may be things that happen in this world that we do not understand, but we should trust that Allah has wisdom in all things. How does a person become a Muslim? A person becomes Muslim when he believes that there is no god except Allah and Mohammed is the messenger of Allah, and verbally testifies this belief by saying: “Ashadu an la illaha illAllah, wa Ashadu anna Mohammed ar Rasool ullah.” “I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship but Allah, and I bear witness that Mohammed is the Messenger of Allah.” |